Ice Fog - This type of fog forms when the air temperature is well below freezing and it's composed entirely of tiny ice crystals that are suspended in the air. Ice fog will only be witnessed while in the midst of an arctic air mass. Generally, the temperature needs to be 14F or colder in order for ice fog to form.

Sub-vortices - Small areas of intense rotation located within a type of tornado called a multi-vortex tornado. These spinning whirls can be thought of as individual tornadoes that are mixed within the main tornado. These are also sometimes referred to as suction vortices and the winds within them can be 100 mph stronger than the main body of the tornado. These can explain why the damage path in a tornado can vary greatly.

Cumulonimbus - A form of a cumulus cloud that grows vertically to great heights. These clouds are associated with heavy thunderstorm activity and are the result of strong currents of rising air called updrafts.

Meteorology - The study of the physics, chemistry, and dynamics of the atmosphere and the direct effects of the atmosphere upon the Earth's surface, the oceans, and life in general. An understanding of these atmospheric processes is applied when predicting the weather.

Land Breeze - A land breeze is an off shore wind, meaning the wind blows from the land out to sea. It occurs at night when the land becomes sufficiently colder than the air over the water. Land breezes are most likely to occur on clear, calm nights. The opposite of a land breeze is a sea breeze.

Back Door Cold Front - Most cold fronts in the Northern Hemisphere come in from the north, northwest, or west. They are usually found on the backside of a low pressure system. Back door cold fronts come in from the northeast or east, and are often driven by Canadian based high pressure systems.

Doldrums - An east-west belt of light and variable surface winds where the trade winds of the two hemispheres converge. This region is located in a belt just north and south of the equator. Sailers dubbed this area as the doldrums because the lack of wind would mean their ships would stay idle for weeks at a time.