Evaporation - The process by which water changes phase from a liquid to a vapor. Energy from the sun and wind are the main drivers of evaporation. 80% of evaporation occurs over the oceans, while the remaining 20% occurs over land. The highest evaporation rates occur when the relative humidity is low on a hot and windy day.

Isotach - A line of equal wind speed on a weather map. The most common use for isotachs is finding the location of upper level jet streams and jet streaks. For example, the polar jet stream in the northern hemisphere is located by analysing isotachs at around 30,000 ft. Isotachs in the polar jet stream can indicate winds speeds of over 200 mph at times.

Rainbow - An arc of concentric colored bands formed by refraction that occurs when sunlight passes through raindrops. Anytime you see it raining while the sun is out, there will almost always be a rainbow. Just position yourself with your back to where the sun is shining and you will find it.

Land Breeze - A land breeze is an off shore wind, meaning the wind blows from the land out to sea. It occurs at night when the land becomes sufficiently colder than the air over the water. Land breezes are most likely to occur on clear, calm nights. The opposite of a land breeze is a sea breeze.

Mesopause - This is the portion of the Earth's atmosphere that divides the mesosphere from the thermosphere. The mesopause is where the temperature of the atmosphere reaches its minimum. The coldest temperatures on Earth are found here as temperatures can fall to as low as -148F.

Derecho - A widespread and usually fast-moving complex of thunderstorms that produce damaging straight-line winds. These systems are long lived, as the swath of wind damage associated with them extends for hundreds of miles. Wind gusts can range from 60 to over 100 mph in a derecho.

Dew - Water that has condensed onto objects near the ground when the surface temperature of the object falls below the dew point. The most common surfaces that dew will form on are grasses and other vegetation. Dew can be an important source of moisture for plants during a drought.